Burner.



No. 7|5,548- v Patented Dec. 9, |902; \H. B. CARY. BURNER.

(Appumion aledpr. 11, 1901.1

(No Modal.)

UNITED STATES HENRY BOUNDS CARY, OF

PATENT OFFICE. v

LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA.

BURNER.

SPECIFICATION forming'loart 0f Letters Patent N0. 715,548, dated December 9, 1902. Application filed April 11, 1901. Serial No. 55,404. (No modal.)

To a/ZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY BOUNDS CARY,a citizen of the United States, residing at Los Angeles, in the county of Los Angeles and State of California, have invented a new and useful Burner, of which the following is a specification.

My invention has for its object to provide a burner especially adapted for carrying the improved method of burning liquid fuel. described and claimed in a divisional application iled by me yon the 29th day of May, 1902, SerialNo.4 109,535, which method involves the generic principle of mixing liquid fuel and oxygen in predetermined and regulated proportions and thoroughly and intimately associating and mixing said constituents before delivering the same within the fire zone, as fully described in the application herein referred to. Y

An object of this invention is 'to provide a burner which is adapted `for burning liquidand fluid combustibles andl which-is capable of being adjusted at the pleasure of the attendant to -produce different characters of fire for different kinds of work. For example, by means of this invention the same burner may be adjusted to burn crude petroleum with air or steam pressure and can be adjusted for burning any ofthe distillates of crude petroleum or other combustible oils. The burner can also be adjusted to burn gas intermingled with atmospheric air, or itcan be used for burning a mixture of combustible gases and also for burning powdered fuel with steam, compressed air, or gas.

An object in view in this invention is to preserve the highest economy and to produce a fire of the exact character required for the work in handthat is tosay, by means of this 'burner it is possible to produce with combustible oil under air-pressure a deoxidizing-dame or an oxidizing-name, obtaining the effects of a coke fire or of 'long-darne steamcoal at the pleasure of the attendant.

It is a further object 5to avoid the danger of clogging or gummin-g up of the jet-piece or other parts of -the burner with asphaltum or other impurities carried by petroleum and other liquid fuels i* f f' This burner'c'an be 'variously constructed and isI adapted for producing a fire in a rebox or in the open air indiscriminately, and said fire can be changed in its character and used for heating and for illuminating at pleas-` ure.

invention is to use the petroleumin its liquid form for saturating a large proportionate volume of atmospheric air and to bring such mixture to the place where ignition is effected without any excess of the petroleum being so delivered, so that there is no particle of the oil admitted tothe iiame except it be accompanied andintimately commingled with a volume of oxygen sufficient for producing the character of ire required.

' Different modes of connecting the burner with'the fluid and liquid supplies to be used in voperating the'burner can be employed, and no attempt will be made herein to illustrate all of such modes.

The accompanying drawings illustrate my under pressure. y y

Figure `I is a sectional elevation of the burner ready for operation. Fig. II is a section on line `II III, Fig. I, enlarged scale', looking to the right. Fig. III is ase'ction on line II III, Fig. I, enlarged scale, looking to the left. Fig. IV is a fragmental detail, enlarged scale, of the discharge extension of the tube, showing the shielded drain therefor. The shield is shown intact. Fig; V is a perspective detail view of the jet-piece. Fig. VVI is a mid-sectional plan of the same'. Fig. VII is a-cross-sectional'view of the `tube extension.

pressure by any suitable means, such asv the pump b, and with air under pressure from a tank c.) i

d is the jet-piece, furnished with a chamber 1 and With two valve-control led inlets 2 3, opening into said chamber, preferably at right angles to each other, and with a jet-outlets.

y 5 indicates a valve-needle extending between the inlets to control the jet-outlet 45. The liquid-fuel-supply tank a is connected with one of said inlets by a pipe e to supply the'liquid fuel thereto, and the source of An important object to be gained by my let 4, opening from the angle between said in'- a is an oil-reservoir supplied with oil under suitable sourceof supply, (indicated'by the ICQ compressed air is connected by the pipe f with the other of said inlets to supply air under pressure thereto. The source of compressed air c is preferably connected with the tank a by pipe g, so that the pressure of the air and oil in the two inlets 2 3 is equalized. The inlets 2 3 discharge into the chamber 1 and the outlet 4 opens from said chamber. The valve-needle 5 passes through said chamber l and forms a cylindrical abutment or fluidimpeding device between the inlets, so that the air or other uid under pressure will be kept from preventing the oilfrom flowing into said chamber.

It is desirable in order to avoid clogging or gumming up that the outlet from the jetpiece through which the oil passes shall be as large as possible consistent with the quantity of oil required to produce the flame desired-that is to say, a difficulty to be overcome with burners adapted for using petroleum fed under pressure is that any opening small enough to deliver the requisite amount of liquid is so small as to readily become clogged with any impurities which may bein the petroleum. I overcome all difficulties of this kind by passing through the outlet, together with the liquid fuel, a sufficient quantity of an expansive iiuid to occupy a considerable portion of the space in the passage and outlet of the jet-piece, thereby to take the place in the passage of the liquid fuel which would otherwise pass therethrough, thus reducing the amount of liquid in proportion as the amount of air is increased, and vice versa. Owing to the greater mobility of `the expansive iiuid as compared with the liquid, the liquid is carried through the outletorifice with greater velocity than the liquid alone would be carried under the samer/pressure. The fluid will carry the liquid through the nozzle and will pulverize the liquid as it issues from the nozzle. The outlet 4,however, is small enough to cause a back pressure within the chamber l, and this acts to retard the flow of oil from the passage 3. In order to obtain the best results, the passages 2 and 3 preferably enter the chamber l at right angles to each other and obliquely tothe outlet 4, thereby accomplishing the most effective operation of the jet-piece in the act of supplying the pulverized fuel at the mouth of the nozzle. This arrangement also has a tendency toward mixing of the combustibles within the jetpiece before the same are discharged from the jet-outlet. The inlets are therefore p referably arranged at a right angle with each other, and the jet-outlet opens from the angle between the two inlets, and the valve-needle is arranged to project between the inlets to close the outlet. The jet-outlet preferably tapers outwardly, and the valve-needle which controls the saine is pointed to fit said taper, this construction being designed, among other purposes, for the better breaking,r up and commingling of the liquid and fluid with which the burner is operated. h indicates a tube to receive the jet from said jet-piece. Said tube, which receives and delivers the liquid fuel and expansible fluid, is furnished at its inlet end with an inwardly-tapering passage t' of less cross-sectional area at its inner end than the tube h, and said tube his furnished at its outlet end with a discharge extension j of less cross-sectional area than said tube h. The tube h tapers at 7c to connect with the extension j.

m indicates a shielded drain for the tube extension j. The shield n of said drain ter- 'minates near the outlet end of the extension 7' and extends into the tube h, being bent down at its inner end o over the tapering wall 7c of the tube. The tube h is provided with a drain p for the final escape of precipitated liquid.

The inlets enter the chamber of the jetpiece preferably at an angle of ninety degrees with each other, and the jet-piece is provided with three passages, two of which, 2 and 3, are preferably at right angles with each other and the third of which, 6, is midway between said other passages and coaxial of the jet-outlet, so that the inlets are oblique to the jet-outlet. The chamber at the junction of the three converging passages 2, 3, and 6 opens outwardly therefrom and is screwthreaded at its outer end. q indicates a screw-threaded jet-nipple furnished with the jet-hole 4 therethrough andscrewed into the screw-threaded opening. y

For the operation of this burner with oil it is preferred to use a distillate of a suitable gravity for the work in hand. Under the force of air-pressure this oil is fed through the other inlet, and the two mingle with each other in the chamber l. Within the jet-piece the air impinges upon the valve-needle 5, said needle having been unscrewed sufficiently to open thejet-outlet to the proper degree. The air and liquid fuel will thus be carried through the opening and through the funnel or tapering passages i and into the tube h, where it expands in the body of the tube. Au airpressure of, say, ftypqpmnds, more or less, per square inch is preferably employed, and with such pressure the liquid will be broken up into minute particles or mist as it passes through the tapering passage t' of the tube 7L and expands ou its way to the inside of tube h. The tapering funnel-shaped inlet t' of the tube h allows the expanding jet of oil and air to entrain a proper amount of atmospheric air, which is carried into the chamber of the tube h, there to expandand commingle, where it expands and passes on to the contracted or tapering portion k of the tube, which tapering portion of said tube causes the oil and air constituents to be rolled or deflected toward the longitudinal centerof the chamber h and rearward toward the particles of oil and air successively projected through the contracted or tapering passage t', thus thoroughly mixing and associating the constituents and reducing the projectile force exerted through the IOO IIO

extension or delivery end j, through which the extension thereof and will drain back to a reservoir, (not shown,) from which it Will be pumped back again into tank a to be again used. The liquid which thus collects in the tubular extension j will iiow down under the cover of the shield n of the drain m and will thence liow down into the main body ofthe tube h, whence it Hows out through the drainp.

The shield or Wind-break n is preferably a strip of sheet metal bent to conform practically to the lower inside face of the tube extension and the tapering portion k of the tube. lo by a rivet or bolt 1". The drain is formed by the lower inside face or ioor of the tube extension, and the front corners of the shield n are bent down, as shown at s s, to resten said floor and to hold the edges of the shield up o of the door, so that the liquid can llow freely into the space beneath the shield, where it will be protected from the outward current of air and vapor, which would otherwise drive a portion of the oil out 'of the discharge end of the tube extension j.

The different characters of fire will be produced as occasion requires by the appropriate adjustment of the several needle-valves 5, 7, and 8. p

In Fig. VI the needle-valve 7, which controls the air-inlet, is shown opened to its full extent, while the needle-valve 8,`which controls the oil-inlet, is shown almost closed. When the air-inlet is thus opened, the quantity of oil to be supplied to the flame can be accurately adjusted by turning the valve-needle 8, and thus opening or closing the oil-passage 3. If at any time more oil is required to be delivered'than is being delivered by having both of the valves open to their full capacity, (theair and oil passages,) the volume of oil being delivered can then be further increased by adjusting the valve of the air-passage, thus diminishing the amount of air admitted to the chamberl, and thus decreasing the air-pressure on the oil-inlet 3, thereby allowing the oil to Iiow more freely into the chamber 1 and also to occupy a larger space in the jet-outlet 4;, so thata' greater amount of oil will be supplied to feed the flame. By these adjustments the character of the flame can be changed through a wide range. When the greatest proportion of air is supplied from the jet-outlet 4, a proportionately greater amount of air is entrained into the tube h. When a less amount of air It is fastened to theY tapering portion an oxidizing-flame, andrwhen the mixture is rich in hydrocarbon the iiame will be a deoxidizing-iiame.

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is

lf The combination of a jet-piece furnished with a chamber and with two valve-controlled inlets opening into said chamber at right angles to each other, and with a jet-outlet open.

ing from the angle between said inlets; a valve-needle extending between the inlets to control the jet-outlet; a liquid-fuel-supply tank connected with one of said inlets; va source of compressed air to supply airunder pressure to the other of said inlets and to said tank; a tube to receive the jet from said jetpiece and furnished at its inlet end with an inwardly-tapering passage of less cross-sectional area than the tube, and at its outlet end with a discharge extension of less crosssectional area than the tube; a shielded drain being provided to drain saidrextension; and a drain being provided to drain said tube.

2. A burner comprising a jet-piece; a tube to receive the jet from the jet-piece and fur-4 the tube, and at its outlet end with a discharge extension of less cross-sectional area than the tube; a shielded drain being provided to drain said extension, and a drain being provided to drain said tube.

3. The combination of a j et-piece furnished 4 with a central valve-controlled dischargechamber, and two valve-controlled converging inlets communicating with the central discharge-chamber a1iquid-fuel tank connected with one ofthe converging inlets; a compressed air tank communicating with the other converging inlet and also with the liquid-fuel tank; a tube adjacent to the jet-piece and provided at its intake end with an inwardly-tapering passage and at its outlet pend.

with a tapering reduction terminating in a discharge extension of less cross-sectional area than the tube, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

.4. The jet-piece provided with converging valve-controlled inlets adapted to conduct respectively liquid fuel and air under pressure; a central chamber between the terminals of the converging inlets and formed with a tapering outlet or discharge, and a centrally-arranged and longitudinally movable valve adapted t0 move between the outlet-passages of the converging inletsand into the tapering outlet or discharge, ,substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

In testimony whereof l have signed my name to this specication, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses, at Los Angeles, California, this 5th day of April, 1901,

HENRY BOUNDS CARY. Witnesses:

JAMES R. TowNsENp, JULIA TOWNSEND.

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